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The wastewater pump is a valuable helper in many areas

Sewage pumps, also called dirty water pumps, are used in many places - sometimes as stationary, sometimes as mobile pumps. They are usually designed as submersible pumps. Another variant is the flat water pump, which normally does not immerse itself in the waste water.

How does a wastewater pump work?

Sewage pumps are pumps that can also pump highly contaminated water. These impurities may consist of small solids or fibrous components such as faeces, sludge or sand. Mineral or chemical impurities such as oils or cleaning agents are also often contained in wastewater. These substances cause abrasion and corrosion in the pump, so that these pumps have to withstand high loads. If wastewater pumps are to be used as submersible pumps, volute casing pumps, pipe shaft pumps, recirculation pumps or eccentric screw pumps are often used.

The term submersible pump means that the pump is usually completely immersed in the waste water. Inside it there is a paddle or impeller that drives the waste water transport. The type of impeller depends on the type of wastewater to be pumped. The larger the solid particles to be conveyed, the more open the impeller must be to prevent clogging. With an open impeller, also known as a vortex impeller, particles up to 70 mm in diameter can be handled. However, pumps with this type of impeller have a relatively low efficiency and do not reach high heads. Alternatives are pumps with a single-channel or multi-channel impeller, a diagonal impeller, a propeller impeller or a helical impeller.

Wastewater pumps are designed for large water flow rates rather than for large heads. The flow rate of these pumps depends on the motor power and the type of waste water to be pumped. Typical flow rates are three to five litres per second. The drive of the wastewater pumps usually consists of an electric motor, more rarely of a petrol engine. The petrol engine often produces a larger flow rate and is independent of the electrical power grid. This can be a decisive advantage for mobile wastewater pumps.

The work of stationary sewage pumps is normally controlled by a float switch. When a specified maximum level is reached, the pump is switched on; when a specified low level is reached, the pump is switched off again.
Flat water pumps pump dirty water down to a water level of a few millimetres. They are used for emptying swimming pools or flooded cellars, for example.

Where are wastewater pumps used?

Sewage or dirty water pumps are always used when contaminated water is to be pumped, cleaned or disposed of. Examples of this are:

• Waste water removal in the sewerage system
• Drainage of excess rainwater
• Drainage of flood plains within the framework of disaster control
• Watering fields
• Pumping of waste water in mining or civil engineering
• seawater desalination plants
• waterworks